Tsanangudzo & Kwakabva Chip
Chip - generic term for semiconductor component products, integrated circuits, yakapfupikiswa seIC; kana microcircuits, microchips, wafers / chips, mune zvemagetsi inzira ye miniaturizing circuits (kunyanya semiconductor zvishandiso, asiwo passive components, etc.) uye nguva nenguva inogadzirwa pamusoro pe semiconductor wafers.
Kubva 1949 kusvika 1957, prototypes yakagadzirwa naWerner Jacobi, Jeffrey Dummer, Sidney Darlington, Yasuo Tarui, asi dunhu remazuva ano rakasanganiswa rakagadzirwa naJack Kilby muna 1958. Akapihwa mubairo weNobel weFizikisi muna 2000, asi Robert Noyce akapfuura panguva imwecheteyo, 90 akagadzira dunhu remazuva ano.
Kubatsira kukuru kwechip
Mushure mekugadzirwa uye kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwema transistors, akasiyana solid-state semiconductor zvikamu zvakaita se diode uye transistors zvakashandiswa muhuwandu hukuru, kutsiva basa uye basa revacuum chubhu mumaseketi. Pakazosvika pakati kusvika pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi20, kufambira mberi muhunyanzvi hwekugadzira semiconductor kwakaita kuti masekete akasanganiswa agoneke. Kuenzaniswa nemasekete akaunganidzwa nemaoko anoshandisa ega ega ega ega ega ega, maseketi akasanganiswa anogona kubatanidza huwandu hukuru hwe micro-transistors mudiki chip, inova kufambira mberi kukuru. Kugadzirwa kwechiyero, kuvimbika, uye modular nzira yedhizaini dhizaini yemaseketi akasanganiswa inovimbisa kukurumidza kugamuchirwa kwemaseketeni akamisikidzwa akabatanidzwa pachinzvimbo chekugadzira nema discrete transistors.
Akabatanidzwa maseketi ane maviri makuru mabhenefiti pamusoro pe discrete transistors: mutengo uye kuita. Iyo yakaderera mutengo inokonzerwa nekuti iyo chip inodhinda zvese zvikamu seyuniti, pane kugadzira imwe chete transistor panguva. Iko kushanda kwepamusoro kunokonzerwa nezvikamu zvinoshandura nokukurumidza uye zvinopedza simba shoma nokuti zvikamu zviduku uye zviri pedyo. 2006, iyo chip nzvimbo inoenda kubva mashoma masikweya millimita kusvika 350 mm² uye inogona kusvika miriyoni transistors pamm².
(Panogona kunge paine 30 bhiriyoni transistors mukati!)
Iyo chip inoshanda sei
A chip idunhu rakabatanidzwa rine nhamba huru ye transistors. Machipisi akasiyana ane masaizi akasiyana ekubatanidza, kubva kumazana emamiriyoni; kusvika kumakumi kana mazana ematransistors. MaTransistors ane matunhu maviri, on and off, ayo anomiririrwa ne1s na0s. Multiple 1s uye 0s inogadzirwa neakawanda transistors, ayo akaiswa kune chaiwo mabasa (kureva, mirayiridzo uye data) kumiririra kana kugadzirisa mavara, nhamba, mavara, magirafu, nezvimwewo. Mushure mekunge chip ichiiswa simba, inotanga kuburitsa rairo yekutanga-up yekutanga chip, uye gare gare inoramba ichiwana mirairo mitsva uye data kuti ipedze basa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-03-2019
